--- title: "OptoNews Tip: Analog totalizing—without the calculus" description: Use built-in PAC Control commands and SNAP PAC brain features to get analog totals easily image: https://blog.opto22.com/hubfs/OptoNews/solar_power_309x253.png --- - [Log in](https://www.opto22.com/logon?returnurl=%2f) - [Register](https://www.opto22.com/Special-Pages/Logon.aspx) - [Your Cart](https://www.opto22.com/Checkout/Shopping-Cart) - [Contact Us](https://www.opto22.com/support/contact-us) [![Opto 22 Logo](https://blog.opto22.com/hubfs/opto22_lightsilvergradient_800px.png "Opto 22 Logo")](https://www.opto22.com) - [Products](https://www.opto22.com/products) - [What Do You Want to Do?](https://www.opto22.com/products/what-do-you-want-to-do) - [groov RIO](https://www.opto22.com/products/groov-rio) - [groov EPIC System](https://www.opto22.com/products/groov-epic-system) - [Case Studies](https://www.opto22.com/products/groov-case-studies) - [Product Selector](https://www.opto22.com/products/product-selector) - 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How many gallons went through that pipe over the last 24 hours, or over the last month?  If you're using an Opto 22 analog input module and PAC Control, you're in luck.  Thanks to the brain's distributed intelligence and built-in commands in PAC Control, you can get your analog totals without any complex math calculations. Opto 22's Director of Training, Mary St. John, shows you how in her latest [OptoForum mini-lesson: Analog Totalizing 101](http://www.opto22.com/community/showthread.php?t=1360). Her example totalizes watts per hour produced by a photovoltaic system, but the principle is the same for any analog totalizing task. [SNAP PAC brains](http://www.opto22.com/site/pr_selector.aspx?cid=1&qs=100310061044) and [R-series rack-mounted controllers](http://www.opto22.com/site/pr_selector.aspx?cid=1&qs=100210241055) include a number of built-in digital and analog I/O features to make it easier to get the data you need: - latching - counting and quadrature counting - pulse generation and measurement - frequency and period measurement - watchdog timeouts - totalizing - min/max values - scaling - clamping - ramping - filter weight - thermocouple linearization - PID loop control All these features are processed locally. Pretty handy. Note that some of them do require a high-speed brain or controller, like the SNAP-PAC-R1 or SNAP-PAC-EB1. (The [SNAP PAC Brain and Controller Comparison Chart](http://www.opto22.com/site/documents/doc_drilldown.aspx?aid=3152) shows details.) See how to get those analog totals in [Analog Totalizing 101](http://www.opto22.com/community/showthread.php?t=1360). [![Read Analog Totalizing 101](https://hubspot-no-cache-na2-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/cta/default/439485/1e9f87d2-54db-4a4f-8db4-c01d8406af5c.png)](https://hubspot-cta-redirect-na2-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/cta/redirect/439485/1e9f87d2-54db-4a4f-8db4-c01d8406af5c) Topics: [Energy management](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/energy-management), [Process control](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/process-control), [Tips](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/tips), [optonews](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/optonews), [I/O](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/io), [PAC Project](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/pac-project), [OptoNews 2015-12-02](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/topic/optonews-2015-12-02) ### Written by [Jean Femia](https://blog.opto22.com/optoblog/author/jean-femia) Jean Femia writes about technical subjects and has focused on automation and control systems for more than 15 years. She likes learning about technology and taking corners in her Honda S2000. 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